upamaa alankaara - part XXV (types of upamaa alankaara as per Bharat)

According to Bharata there are four types of upamaa alankaara:
एकस्यैकेन सा कार्याsनेकेनाप्यथवा पुन:|
अनेकस्य तथैकेन बहूनां बहुभिस्सह ||
These are four types of उपमा alankaara.

1. one compared with one
2. many things compared with one.
3. one thing compared with many and
4. many things compared with many things.

1.example of the first type (एकस्यैकेन)
गगनं यथा फणीश्वरनगपतिहृदयम्|

2. example of the second type (अनेकेन एकस्य)
श्येनबर्हिणभासानां तुल्याक्ष इति या भवेत्|
एकस्य बहुभिस्साम्यादुपमा सा प्रकीर्तिता ||
Here the eyes of somebody (One) is compared with the eyes of hawk,peacock and vulture. Therefore it is example of second type.

N.B. दण्डी and काव्यादर्श call this type of उपमा as बहूपमा. example according to them is
चन्दनोदकचन्द्रांशुचन्द्रकान्तादिशीतल:|
स्पर्शस्तवेत्यतिशयं बोधयन्ती बहूपमा ||

3. Example of the third type ( एकेन अनेकेषाम्)
चन्द्रवत्सम्प्रकाशन्ते ज्योतिर्भाजो द्विजोत्तमा:|
एकेन सा त्वनेकेषामुपमा संप्रकीर्तिता ||
Here one thing चन्द्र has been compared to many द्विजोत्तमा:|

4.Example of the fourth type (अनेकेन अनेकेषाम्)
धान्येषु पुलाका इव पतगेषु पतङ्गिका इव श्रीमन्|
मशका इव कीटेषु च वशिका नृषु ते त्वयीश ये विमुखा:||
Here there are multiple upamaana and upameya.